Written and fact-checked by Aadil Saif. Arithmetic independently re-verified · Last updated September 2026
Part of the India Land Unit Converter series.
Every other page in this series starts from a number. This one starts from a word, because the number is easy and the word is not: gaj names a length in one sentence and an area in the next, and both usages are alive in Indian court records this decade. So the research went into the record itself (every document in the Indian Kanoon corpus that uses the unambiguous area form, read and listed below, against the judgments that use the bare word for a distance), and then into the Ain-i-Akbari, which is where the word enters Indian land administration and where it is defined, in one line, as a measure of length. The arithmetic was held as exact fractions throughout; the one figure that had to be derived rather than quoted is marked as derived, twice, and the derivation is shown.
In an Indian property advertisement, 1 gaj = 1 square yard = 9 square feet = 0.83612736 square metres, exactly. A 200-gaj plot is 1,800 square feet.
That answer is correct and it is incomplete, because the word does not mean that.
| The word as written | What it measures | What it actually names | What it converts to |
|---|---|---|---|
| gaj / गज | a length | a rod, a pace, a yard of cloth or a distance across a field | nothing; you must ask what is being measured |
| varg gaj / वर्ग गज | an area | the square of that length | 9 square feet · 0.83612736 m² |
| gaj in a property advertisement | an area, by convention | a square yard, with the word square dropped | 9 square feet; but the word does not say so |
| Gaj | Square Feet | Square Meter | Bigha (UP pucca) | Biswa (UP) | Marla (Standard) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | 0.83612736 | 0.000331 | 0.006612 | 0.033058 |
| 2 | 18 | 1.67225472 | 0.000661 | 0.013223 | 0.066116 |
| 3 | 27 | 2.50838208 | 0.000992 | 0.019835 | 0.099174 |
| 5 | 45 | 4.1806368 | 0.001653 | 0.033058 | 0.165289 |
| 10 | 90 | 8.3612736 | 0.003306 | 0.066116 | 0.330579 |
| 20 | 180 | 16.7225472 | 0.006612 | 0.132231 | 0.661157 |
| 50 | 450 | 41.806368 | 0.016529 | 0.330579 | 1.652893 |
| 100 | 900 | 83.612736 | 0.033058 | 0.661157 | 3.305785 |
| 200 | 1,800 | 167.225472 | 0.066116 | 1.322314 | 6.61157 |
| 500 | 4,500 | 418.06368 | 0.165289 | 3.305785 | 16.528926 |
| 1,000 | 9,000 | 836.12736 | 0.330579 | 6.61157 | 33.057851 |
The word is a length. The area is a varg gaj, a square gaj. Property conversation drops the varg and lets context carry it, which works until context fails. It failed in a High Court in 2019, and this page shows exactly where.
Two things follow, and neither is on any other converter. The bare word is still used for distance in Indian judgments, including four Patna High Court decisions between 2021 and 2025. And the gaz that entered Indian land administration under Akbar was three inches shorter than the yard you are quoted in today, so a gaj of area in an old document is not a gaj of area now.
Convert The answer, first · To square feet and square metres · To bigha, biswa and the northern units · The small units
Understand A gaj is a length · What the courts actually wrote · Where the word comes from · The gaz you inherited · Three mistakes
Act What to write in a document · FAQ · Sources and method
Convert to a specific unit: Acre · Ankanam · Ares · Bigha · Biswa · Biswa Kacha · Cent · Chatak · Decimal · Dhur · Dismil · Gajam · Ground · Guntha · Hectare · Kanal · Katha · Killa · Lessa · Marla · Murabba · Nali · Perch · Pura · Square Centimeter · Square Feet · Square Inch · Square Karam · Square Kilometer · Square Meter · Square Mile · Square Yard
Every one of the other thirty-two units has a section on this page. Where two units are the same area their table would be identical, so the second section points at the first rather than repeating it.
Every factor is a gaj's own size, 9 square feet, divided by the target unit's. To check any row by hand, take that number, divide, and compare.
Each one comes from a single anchor, the acre at 43,560 square feet, by exact fraction arithmetic. Where a factor recurs, the formula gives the fraction rather than a rounded decimal, because a rounded factor is a wrong instruction rather than an approximate one: the fraction is what has to be carried wherever the arithmetic must close.
| Conversion | Formula | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Gaj to Acre | Gaj ÷ 4,840 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Ankanam | Gaj × 0.125 | Exact · Ankanam is regional. This row is the Standard; also 0.25 |
| Gaj to Ares | Gaj × 0.0083612736 | Exact |
| Gaj to Bigha | Gaj ÷ 3,025 | Recurring · Bigha is regional. This row is the UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca; also 0.000992, 0.001322, 0.000517 and 5 more |
| Gaj to Biswa | Gaj ÷ 151.25 | Recurring · Biswa is regional. This row is the UP / Rajasthan pucca; also 0.010331, 0.019835, 0.020661 |
| Gaj to Biswa Kacha | Gaj × 12/605 | Recurring · Biswa Kacha is regional. This row is the Punjab / Haryana revenue; also 0.010331 |
| Gaj to Cent | Gaj ÷ 48.4 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Chatak | Gaj × 0.2 | Exact |
| Gaj to Decimal | Gaj ÷ 48.4 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Dhur | Gaj ÷ 7.5625 | Recurring · Dhur is regional. This row is the Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain); also 2.5 |
| Gaj to Dismil | Gaj ÷ 48.4 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Gajam | Gaj × 1 | Exact |
| Gaj to Ground | Gaj × 0.00375 | Exact |
| Gaj to Guntha | Gaj ÷ 121 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Hectare | Gaj × 0.000083612736 | Exact |
| Gaj to Kanal | Gaj ÷ 605 | Recurring · Kanal is regional. This row is the Standard (66-inch karam); also 0.002, 0.002178, 0.002469 |
| Gaj to Katha | Gaj ÷ 151.25 | Recurring · Katha is regional. This row is the Bihar state standard; also 0.0125, 0.003125, 0.005165 and 2 more |
| Gaj to Killa | Gaj ÷ 4,840 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Lessa | Gaj × 0.0625 | Exact |
| Gaj to Marla | Gaj ÷ 30.25 | Recurring · Marla is regional. This row is the Standard (66-inch karam); also 0.04, 0.043554, 0.049383 and 1 more |
| Gaj to Murabba | Gaj ÷ 121,000 | Recurring · Murabba is regional. This row is the Punjab canal colony; also 0.0000132 |
| Gaj to Nali | Gaj ÷ 240 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Perch | Gaj ÷ 30.25 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Pura | Gaj × 0.00015625 | Exact |
| Gaj to Square Centimeter | Gaj × 8,361.2736 | Exact |
| Gaj to Square Feet | Gaj × 9 | Exact |
| Gaj to Square Inch | Gaj × 1,296 | Exact |
| Gaj to Square Karam | Gaj × 36/121 | Recurring · Square Karam is regional. This row is the Standard (66-inch karam); also 0.36, 0.391985, 0.444444 |
| Gaj to Square Kilometer | Gaj × 0.00000083612736 | Exact |
| Gaj to Square Meter | Gaj × 0.83612736 | Exact |
| Gaj to Square Mile | Gaj ÷ 3,097,600 | Recurring |
| Gaj to Square Yard | Gaj × 1 | Exact |
Every other unit on this site names an area and only an area. A bigha is an area. A marla is an area. A cent is an area. The gaj is the exception: it is the only word in common Indian property use that names a length in its own right and an area by abbreviation, and the two meanings sit side by side in the same documents.
One spelling note before the rest. Gaj and gaz are the same word (Persian gaz, Hindi gaj), and this page uses gaz where it means the Mughal rod and gaj where it means the modern property usage, because the two are not the same length. A document may spell it either way, and guz also appears in older English records.
The distinction has a marker. In Hindi the square of a unit takes varg (वर्ग): a metre is a metre, a square metre is a varg metre. So the area is a varg gaj, and when a document writes varg gaj it has said unambiguously that it means an area. When it writes gaj alone, it has not.
We searched the Indian Kanoon corpus for the marked form, in both transliterations, in September 2026. It returns ten documents for varg gaj and one for verg gaj, but three of the ten are separate fragments of the same Central Information Commission decision, so the eleven documents are nine distinct matters. Every one of them is listed below. This is not a sample; it is the whole of it.
| Form | Document | Court | Date | The words as printed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| varg gaj | Atique Ahmad v. State of U.P. | Allahabad High Court | 18 Sep 2002 | "100 varg gaj jamin" |
| varg gaj | Kali Ram Tomar v. MCD | Central Information Commission | 18 Sep 2009 | "for how many varg gaj it has been passed" |
| varg gaj | Mr Narender Singh v. MCD | Central Information Commission | 16 Apr 2012 | "government land (150 varg gaj)" |
| varg gaj | State v. Sunder Singh | Delhi District Court | 21 Nov 2013 | "Rakbai -100, varg gaj yani-83.61 varg meter" |
| varg gaj | All Residents of … v. Shail Kumari | Delhi District Court | 29 Feb 2020 | "lagbhag 85 varg gaj" |
| varg gaj | Ravinder Singh v. State of Punjab | Punjab & Haryana High Court | 26 Jul 2023 | "land measuring 4650 varg gaj, as per the jamabandi" |
| verg gaj | Murari Lal v. State of U.P. | Allahabad High Court | 17 Aug 2023 | "measureing area 250 verg gaj" |
| varg gaj | O. S. Chauhan v. CBI | Delhi High Court | 6 Feb 2024 | "Sharjra Khasra No. 133 (Mi Kshe) 555.56 varg gaj" |
| varg gaj | Zakir v. State of U.P. | Allahabad High Court | 27 Aug 2024 | "plot no.107, area 50 varg gaj" |
Set that against the unmarked usage. A search for documents containing both gaj and square yard returns 54; the words appear together because the record is glossing one with the other: "52 square yards (Gaj)", "180-200 Gaj (square yards)", "108 Gaj (Square yards)". And the bare word cannot be counted at all: Gaj is also a common Indian given name and surname. The Supreme Court's 2024 land compensation decision is Gaj Raj v. State of Haryana: so a corpus search for it returns people, not plots. The only form of this word that can be counted is the form almost nobody writes.
What that count is not evidence of. A corpus search measures the corpus as well as the usage, and this one is an English-language database of court and tribunal records. Varg gaj is a Hindi phrase that will most often be written in Devanagari, spoken rather than written, or silently translated into "square yards" by whoever typed the order, and the lower courts where property descriptions are recorded in Hindi are the part of the record any such database covers least well. So nine matters is a floor on the marked form's use in the English-language legal record, not a measurement of how often Indians write it. What the number does establish, and this is the part that matters here, is that a court reading Indian property documents will almost never have seen the disambiguating form.
That is the whole problem in one sentence. The unambiguous spelling exists, it is correct, courts do use it, and across an entire national corpus of judgments it appears in nine matters.
Because for a buyer it usually resolves itself. Nobody quotes a plot by its frontage alone, and nobody describes a distance in a sale deed. Context carries the word almost always, and "almost always" is exactly the condition under which an ambiguity is never fixed.
It is also cheap to keep. Varg gaj is two words; gaj is one; and the number is the same either way for anyone who already knows which is meant. The cost lands entirely on the reader who does not, the buyer from outside the region, the surveyor working from a witness statement, the court reading a cross-examination.
A witness describing where something happened. "Two hundred gaj from the tube well" is a distance, and there is nothing in the sentence to say so except that fields do not have areas measured from tube wells. Read by someone who has only met the property usage, it becomes an area, which is what happened in the judgment set out next.
A rule that works in both directions. If the figure sits with a place (from, north of, behind) it is a length. If it sits with a plot, measuring, area, plot no.. It is an area, and the writer should have written varg gaj.
Three kinds of usage, all current, all from the record.
Yogesh Kumar & Others v. State of U.P., High Court of Judicature at Allahabad, Criminal Appeal No. 1436 of 1999, decided 11 January 2019. Recording the cross-examination of a prosecution witness in a murder appeal, the judgment reads:
"P.W.3 Satyaveer Singh has admitted in his cross-examination the sugarcane field of Shiv Charan Tyagi is situated at a distance of 200 'gaj' (200 square yards) from the tube well of accused-appellant Yogesh."
A distance of 200 square yards is not a quantity. The sentence says distance, the witness plainly meant a length, and the parenthesis translates it into an area. Nothing turned on it, the appeal was decided on other evidence, and that is the point. The gloss went in because "gaj" reads as "square yards" to anyone who has met the word in property, and nobody stopped, because in that setting it almost always does.
The correct reading is a length: 200 gaj at a yard to the gaj is 600 feet, or 182.88 metres. The area reading would make the field 1,800 square feet, a plot, not a distance.
The same usage is routine in criminal records, where witnesses describe where things were:
Note what these have in common besides the word: the direction words. North, west, from her house, from the field. A length needs a starting point and an area does not, and the starting point is always in the sentence.
And where the record means an area and says so, the arithmetic is ordinary. State v. Sunder Singh, Delhi District Court, 21 November 2013, describing a property in Saraswati Vihar:
"791, Rakbai -100, varg gaj yani-83.61 varg meter"
Rakba is the area field of a north Indian record; yani is "that is". One hundred varg gaj, that is 83.61 varg metre, and 100 × 0.83612736 is 83.612736, which rounds to exactly what the court wrote. A district court doing the conversion inline, correctly, in the marked form, is the model this page recommends at the end.
The longest figure in the corpus is O. S. Chauhan v. CBI, Delhi High Court, 6 February 2024, recording a khasra entry of 555.56 varg gaj, a converted figure, since 555.56 varg gaj is 464.52 m², and a record that begins in metric and is reported in gaj will always land on a decimal like that.
The gaz enters Indian land administration in the Ain-i-Akbari, Abu'l Fazl's account of Akbar's empire completed in 1595. Book Third gives it an Ain of its own, and its first line settles what kind of thing it is:
"The Ilahi Gaz is a measure of length and a standard gauge."
A measure of length. Not of area: the area unit gets its own Ain, two sections later, and is built out of this one. That construction, and the nineteenth-century decision that fixed its size, are set out with the bigha itself; this page is about the rod.
What makes the Ain's account useful four centuries later is that it does not merely list lengths. It says what each was for:
"Throughout Hindustan there were three such measures current, viz., long, middling and short. Each was divided into 24 equal parts and each part called Tassuj … The long gaz was used for the measurement of cultivated lands, roads, distances, forts, reservoirs and mud walls. The middling was employed to measure buildings of stone and wood, bamboo-built houses, places of worship, wells and gardens, and the short gaz for cloth, arms, beds, seats of state, sedan chairs, palanquins, chairs, carts and the like."
Read the first of those three again. The same rod measured cultivated lands and distances. Not two rods, one for area and one for length, one rod, applied to a field and to the road beside it.
That is where the ambiguity this page is about actually begins, and it is not a modern sloppiness. A witness in Bihar saying a field lies two hundred gaj north, and a broker in Delhi quoting two hundred gaj of plot, are both using the word as the Ain describes it being used. Only one of them has silently squared it.
The same Ain records seven older gaz before it reaches the Indian ones, and every entry is a length with a purpose attached:
| Gaz | Size, as the Ain states it | What it measured | Introduced by | Length in inches |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaz i Sauda, the gaz of trade | 24⅔ digits | cloth and houses; the Nilometer of Egypt | Harun ur Rashid | n/a |
| Ziraa i qasbah, the reed-yard | 24 digits | general | Ibn Abi Laila | n/a |
| Yusufiyah | 25 digits | houses, by the governors of Baghdad | n/a | n/a |
| Short Hashimiyah | 28⅓ digits | general | Bilal b. Abi Bardah | n/a |
| Long Hashimiyah | 29⅔ digits | the lands of Arabian Iraq | Ziyad | n/a |
| Omariyah | 31 digits | villages in Arabian Iraq | the Caliph Omar | n/a |
| Mamuniyah | 70 digits less a third | rivers, plains and road distances | Mamun | n/a |
| Sikandari | 32 digits | cultivated lands and buildings | Sultan Sikander Lodi | n/a |
| Akbar Shahi | 46 fingers | cloth | Akbar, before the 31st year | n/a |
| Ilahi gaz | 41 digits | everything, "employed by the public for all purposes" | Akbar | 33 in, derived below |
Two things are worth noticing. Every one of them is stated in digits or fingers, parts of a hand, and not one is stated as an area. And the last column is empty for nine of the ten rows, because the Ain gives no conversion into any modern unit and this series does not invent one. The single figure in it is derived rather than transcribed, and the next section shows the derivation.
Abu'l Fazl gives the Ilahi gaz as 41 digits and never says what a digit is in any measure that survives. His translator supplies a rule of thumb in a footnote, "A finger's breadth may be safely taken as three quarters of an inch", which puts the Ilahi gaz at 30.75 inches.
The Ain's own arithmetic says otherwise. It defines the bigha as a square sixty gaz on a side, and the same volume's notes record the standard bigha of the north-western provinces at 3,025 square yards. Those two statements fix the gaz between them, with no rule of thumb involved: sixty gaz make the square root of 3,025 yards, which is 55 yards, so one gaz is 55/60 of a yard, eleven twelfths, or exactly 33 inches.
Put the other way: 33 inches across 41 digits makes a digit 0.8049 inch, against the three-quarters of an inch Jarrett offers, so the reconciliation is not a rounding of his rule of thumb but a seven per cent revision of it.
So the same volume supports two lengths for the same rod, 2.25 inches apart, and the difference is not small: it moves the bigha by 3,585.9375 square feet, which is more than an eighth of it. The 33-inch figure is the one that reproduces every modern pucca bigha, and it is the one this series uses, but it is an administrative reconciliation, not a sixteenth-century measurement, and the Bigha page records when and by whom it was fixed. Neither figure should be presented as Abu'l Fazl's, because neither is.
Here is the consequence for anyone reading an old document.
Three inches on the rod is eight per cent of its length; squared into an area, it is nineteen. That is why a gaz difference too small to argue about becomes a difference worth litigating once it is a plot.
| The rod | Its length | One of them squared | Against today's varg gaj of 9 sq ft |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Ilahi gaz, as the Ain's own bigha equation fixes it | 33 in | 7.5625 sq ft | today's is 19.01% larger |
| The Ilahi gaz, at Jarrett's "three quarters of an inch" to the digit | 30.75 in | 6.56640625 sq ft | today's is 37.06% larger |
| The modern yard, which today's gaj actually uses | 36 in | 9 sq ft | this is the one you are quoted in |
The gaj you are quoted in is the imperial yard, 36 inches. The gaz that measured Mughal India was 33, and squared, the gap opens: a square Ilahi gaz is 7.5625 square feet against today's 9, so today's varg gaj is 19.01% larger than the one the bigha was built from.
That has a practical edge on exactly one kind of document: an old record whose area is stated in gaz rather than converted. A hundred gaz in a nineteenth-century settlement paper is 756.25 square feet if the gaz is the Ilahi one and 900 if it is a yard, a difference of 143.75 square feet, or about sixteen per cent of the plot. Anything measured or converted after the 1959 metric definition is safely a yard; anything earlier is worth asking about rather than assuming.
There is a cross-check worth stating because it shows the 33-inch figure carrying weight elsewhere. The Ain divides the bigha into 20 biswah and each of those into 20 biswansah, which makes a biswansah nine square gaz, and nine square Ilahi gaz is 7.5625 square yards, which is the figure a modern High Court states for the biswansi. A sixteenth-century subdivision and a twenty-first-century judgment land on the same number, and they only do so at 33 inches.
Multiply by 9 for square feet and by 0.83612736 for square metres. Both are exact.
The fourth column is the one no other converter carries, and it is here because of what this page is about: it gives the plot's side, a length, so that a figure in gaj can be checked against something you can pace out.
| Varg gaj | Square feet | Square metres | If the plot is square, each side |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | 0.8361 | 3.00 ft · 0.91 m |
| 25 | 225 | 20.9032 | 15.00 ft · 4.57 m |
| 50 | 450 | 41.8064 | 21.21 ft · 6.47 m |
| 75 | 675 | 62.7096 | 25.98 ft · 7.92 m |
| 100 | 900 | 83.6127 | 30.00 ft · 9.14 m |
| 125 | 1,125 | 104.5159 | 33.54 ft · 10.22 m |
| 150 | 1,350 | 125.4191 | 36.74 ft · 11.20 m |
| 200 | 1,800 | 167.2255 | 42.43 ft · 12.93 m |
| 250 | 2,250 | 209.0318 | 47.43 ft · 14.46 m |
| 300 | 2,700 | 250.8382 | 51.96 ft · 15.84 m |
| 400 | 3,600 | 334.4509 | 60.00 ft · 18.29 m |
| 500 | 4,500 | 418.0637 | 67.08 ft · 20.45 m |
| 750 | 6,750 | 627.0955 | 82.16 ft · 25.04 m |
| 1,000 | 9,000 | 836.1274 | 94.87 ft · 28.92 m |
| 2,000 | 18,000 | 1,672.2547 | 134.16 ft · 40.89 m |
A 100-gaj plot is 30 feet square. A 200-gaj plot is not twice as long; it is 42.43 feet on a side, because area grows as the square of the side and the side grows as the square root of the area. That is the arithmetic behind the most common misreading of these figures, a 400-gaj plot sounds four times a 100-gaj plot, and it is, but it is only twice as wide.
Three rows come out exactly: 1, 100 and 400 gaj are squares of 3, 30 and 60 feet. Every other row's side is irrational and is rounded here to two decimals.
The units a north Indian document is likely to carry alongside a gaj figure. Each unit's own page carries its attestation and its regional variants; this table gives only the relationship.
| Unit | One of them, in gaj | 100 gaj, in that unit |
|---|---|---|
| Marla, 66-inch karam | 30.25 | 3.3058 |
| Kanal, 20 marla | 605 | 0.1653 |
| Biswa, Uttar Pradesh pucca | 151.25 | 0.6612 |
| Biswa, Punjab kachha | 50.4167 | 1.9835 |
| Bigha, UP, Bihar, Rajasthan pucca | 3,025 | 0.0331 |
| Bigha, Delhi | 1,008 | 0.0992 |
| Bigha, West Bengal, Assam | 1,600 | 0.0625 |
| Killa · acre | 4,840 | 0.0207 |
| Guntha | 121 | 0.8264 |
| Katha, Patna | 151.25 | 0.6612 |
Two of these are worth a sentence. The pucca bigha is 3,025 gaj, which is 55 gaj on a side. A whole number, and the only reason it is whole is that the bigha was defined as sixty gaz square and the gaz was later reconciled to eleven twelfths of a yard. And the Delhi bigha is 1,008 gaj, which is not a round figure in anything, because it descends from a different rod: the Bigha page sets out the kachha measure it comes from.
This is the section the page exists to reach, and it is four lines.
None of this is a legal requirement. The square yard, and therefore the gaj, has no standing in Indian metrology law at all, which the Square Yard page sets out with the two schedules it is absent from. These are the habits that keep a number from being misread, not rules anyone will enforce.
| Unit | 1 varg gaj = | Terminates? |
|---|---|---|
| Square inch | 1,296 | Yes |
| Square centimetre | 8,361.2736 | Yes |
| Square metre | 0.83612736 | Yes |
| Are | 0.0083612736 | Yes |
| Square kilometre | 0.00000083612736 | Yes |
All five terminate, which is unusual, on most pages in this series at least one small-unit row recurs. The reason is that a varg gaj is nine square feet exactly and every unit in this table is either a power of twelve times the inch or a power of ten times the metre, and 9 × 0.09290304 has no denominator left to spoil.
Reading a gaj figure as an area without checking for a direction word. The Allahabad High Court did it in 2019 and had a witness measuring a distance in square yards. If the sentence has a bearing or a from, the figure is a length.
Assuming a historical gaj is a yard. It is 33 inches in every reconciliation that reproduces the pucca bigha, so a pre-metric area figure in gaz is 19.01% smaller than the same number of modern gaj. Anything converted after 1959 is a yard; anything earlier is worth asking about.
Converting a gaj figure twice. A record that already reads 83.61 varg metre has been converted from 100 varg gaj; multiplying it again by 0.836 gives 69.9, and the plot has lost a sixth of itself on paper. Where a document gives both, they are the same area stated twice, not two areas.
A fourth belongs to another page. In Andhra Pradesh and Telangana the same area is called a gajam; whether that is a unit or a translation is the subject of its own page.
How many square feet in a gaj? Nine, in property usage: because the "gaj" of a property advertisement is a varg gaj, a square yard. As a length, a gaj is a yard and has no square footage at all.
Is a gaj a length or an area? Both, depending on the sentence. The Ain-i-Akbari defines it as "a measure of length and a standard gauge", and Indian judgments still use it that way for distances. Property usage means the square of it, and the marked form for that is varg gaj.
What is a varg gaj? Varg is Hindi for square. A varg gaj is a square gaj: 9 square feet, 0.83612736 square metres. Ten documents in the entire Indian Kanoon corpus use the form.
Is a gaj the same as a square yard? In today's usage yes, exactly, the modern gaj rests on the imperial yard of 36 inches. Historically no: the Ilahi gaz that Mughal and early colonial land measurement used reconciles to 33 inches, and its square is 7.5625 square feet rather than 9.
How many gaj in a bigha? 3,025 in the pucca bigha of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan; 1,600 in the Bengal and Assam bigha; 1,008 in the Delhi bigha. The bigha has no single value, and the Bigha page sets out why.
How many gaj in a biswa? 151.25 in the Uttar Pradesh pucca biswa and 50.416667… in the Punjab kachha biswa. Twenty biswa make a bigha in both cases; it is the bigha underneath that differs.
Where does the word come from? From the Persian gaz, a rod. It reaches Indian land administration through the Ain-i-Akbari, which records seven earlier gaz used from Baghdad to Egypt, then the Sikandari gaz of 32 digits used by the Lodis and the Surs, and finally Akbar's Ilahi gaz of 41 digits.
Which states use it? The safest answer is the one the record supports. The nine matters using varg gaj come from the Allahabad High Court, the Punjab & Haryana High Court, the Delhi High Court, two Delhi district courts and the Central Information Commission; the judgments using the bare word for a distance come from the Patna High Court and a Delhi district court. So the written record puts it in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and Bihar. Rajasthan is commonly said to use it too and we found no document to show it. It does not appear in southern land vocabulary, where the equivalent word is gajam.
What should I write in a sale document? Varg gaj, with the square-metre figure beside it. See what to write in a document.
| Statement | Source |
|---|---|
| "The Ilahi Gaz is a measure of length and a standard gauge" | Ain-i-Akbari of Abul Fazl-i-Allami, Vol. II, Book Third, Ain VIII, trans. H. S. Jarrett, 2nd edn corrected by Jadunath Sarkar (Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal) |
| The three currents, and what each measured | Same, Ain VIII, quoted in full above |
| The seven earlier gaz, the Sikandari gaz of 32 digits, the Akbar Shahi gaz of 46 fingers, the Ilahi gaz of 41 digits | Same, Ain VIII |
| "A finger's breadth may be safely taken as three quarters of an inch" | Same, Jarrett's footnote to Ain VIII |
| The bigha as sixty gaz square, and the N.W.P. standard bigha at 3,025 sq yd | Same, Ain X and Jarrett's note to it; the bigha's own construction is set out on the Bigha page |
| "distance of 200 'gaj' (200 square yards)" | Allahabad High Court, Yogesh Kumar & Others v. State of U.P., Criminal Appeal No. 1436 of 1999, 11 January 2019 |
| "Rakbai -100, varg gaj yani-83.61 varg meter" | Delhi District Court, State v. Sunder Singh, 21 November 2013 |
| "measureing area 250 verg gaj" | Allahabad High Court, Murari Lal v. State of U.P. and 6 Others, 17 August 2023 |
| The gaj-as-distance judgments | Patna High Court, four decisions 2021–2025, and Delhi District Court, 2009, each named and dated where the usage is set out |
| Counts of varg gaj, verg gaj, and gaj with square yard | Indian Kanoon full-text search, September 2026; documents, not decisions |
| 1 sq yd = 0.83612736 m² exactly | The international yard of 1959, documented on the Square Yard page |
| Sizes of the northern units | Each unit's own page in this series |
The arithmetic on this page rests on one defined length and one derived one. The defined length is the international yard, exactly 0.9144 metre, from which a varg gaj is exactly 0.83612736 square metre. The derived one is the Ilahi gaz: it is not quoted from anywhere on this page but computed from two statements in the same volume (sixty gaz to the side of a bigha, and 3,025 square yards to the bigha), and the checking script recomputes it, confirms it lands on exactly 33 inches, and fails if it does not.
The corpus counts are the second thing the script guards. The nine varg gaj documents are listed in full rather than summarised, so the count in the prose and the number of rows in the table are checked against each other; if a row were added or dropped without the sentence changing, the build fails.
Three pages in this series convert nine square feet. Its standing in Indian law, and the arithmetic that explains why Indian circle rates are quoted in it, are taken separately. Andhra and Telangana practice is taken under the Telugu name for the same area. This page takes the word: what it named before it named an area, and how to tell which one a document means. Where it needs their material it links rather than repeating it. The bigha's construction from the gaz belongs to the Bigha page and is cited, not restated.
| Conversion | 1 Gaj | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Acre | 0.000207 | Recurring; Exact by definition: 43,560 sq ft = 4,840 sq yd |
| Ankanam | 0.125 (Standard) | Region-specific; also 0.25 (Tirupati) |
| Ares | 0.0083612736 | Exact; 100 m², the metric are |
| Bigha | 0.000331 (UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca) | Region-specific; also 0.000992 (UP kachha (6⅔ biswa)) · 0.001322 (UP kachha (5 biswa) / Uttarakhand hills) · 0.000517 (Rajasthan kachha / Gujarat vigha / Uttarakhand Terai) |
| Biswa | 0.006612 (UP / Rajasthan pucca) | Region-specific; also 0.010331 (Rajasthan kachha) · 0.019835 (Punjab / Haryana old records) · 0.020661 (Himachal Pradesh) |
| Biswa Kacha | 0.019835 (Punjab / Haryana revenue definition) | Region-specific; also 0.010331 (Rajasthan kachha reading) |
| Cent | 0.020661 | Recurring; One hundredth of an acre, exactly |
| Chatak | 0.2 | Exact; 5 sq yd exactly; 16 to the cottah, 968 to the acre. Reported, not stated by any instrument located |
| Decimal | 0.020661 | Recurring; One hundredth of an acre, exactly |
| Dhur | 0.132231 (Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain)) | Region-specific; also 2.5 (Tripura) |
| Dismil | 0.020661 | Recurring; The decimal under another name |
| Gajam | 1 | Exact; the same area as a gaj, 9 sq ft, under another name |
| Ground | 0.00375 | Exact; Tamil Nadu Urban Land Tax Act 1966, s.2(8-A): "an area comprising two hundred and twenty three square metres (two thousand and four hundred square feet)" |
| Guntha | 0.008264 | Recurring; 121 sq yd; 40 guntha = 1 acre exactly |
| Hectare | 0.000083612736 | Exact; 10,000 m² exactly |
| Kanal | 0.001653 (Standard (66-inch karam)) | Region-specific; also 0.002 (Majha belt (60-inch karam)) · 0.002178 (Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam)) · 0.002469 (Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam)) |
| Katha | 0.006612 (Bihar state standard) | Region-specific; also 0.0125 (West Bengal / Jharkhand) · 0.003125 (Assam) · 0.005165 (Bihar (Chhapra)) |
| Killa | 0.000207 | Recurring; The acre under its Punjabi name |
| Lessa | 0.0625 | Exact; The 12-foot mauzadari jar squared (Assam Land Records Manual r.117); 20 to a katha, 100 to a bigha |
| Marla | 0.033058 (Standard (66-inch karam)) | Region-specific; also 0.04 (Majha belt (60-inch karam)) · 0.043554 (Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam)) · 0.049383 (Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam)) |
| Murabba | 0.00000826 (Punjab canal colony) | Region-specific; also 0.0000132 (Rajasthan (Indira Gandhi Canal)) |
| Nali | 0.004167 | Recurring; 240 sq yd; 16 mutthi of 135 sq ft. No instrument located states the figure |
| Perch | 0.033058 | Recurring; 30.25 sq yd; 160 perches = 1 acre |
| Pura | 0.00015625 | Exact; 4 Assam bigha of 14,400 sq ft. The 4:1 ratio is SOURCED -- the Supreme Court states it in 1961 and 1971 and the Gauhati High Court in 1986, 2023, 2024 and 2026 -- but no instrument, judgment or manual states the square-foot figure, which is derived from the Assam bigha |
| Square Centimeter | 8,361.2736 | Exact; One ten-thousandth of a square metre |
| Square Feet | 9 | Exact; The base of this series |
| Square Inch | 1,296 | Exact; One 144th of a square foot |
| Square Karam | 0.297521 (Standard (66-inch karam)) | Region-specific; also 0.36 (Majha belt (60-inch karam)) · 0.391985 (Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam)) · 0.444444 (Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam)) |
| Square Kilometer | 0.00000083612736 | Exact; 1,000,000 m² |
| Square Meter | 0.83612736 | Exact; The SI unit of area |
| Square Mile | 0.000000323 | Recurring; Standards of Weights and Measures Act 1976, Schedule (see s.79): "1 square mile = 2 589 988.110 336 square metres"; 640 acres exactly |
| Square Yard | 1 | Exact; the same area as a gaj, 9 sq ft, under another name |
1 gaj = 0.000207 acres, recurring. An acre is exact by definition: 43,560 sq ft = 4,840 sq yd.
Acre = Gaj ÷ 4,840
| Gaj | Acre |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.000207 |
| 2 | 0.000413 |
| 3 | 0.000620 |
| 5 | 0.001033 |
| 10 | 0.002066 |
| 20 | 0.004132 |
| 50 | 0.010331 |
| 100 | 0.020661 |
| 200 | 0.041322 |
| 500 | 0.103306 |
| 1,000 | 0.206612 |
5 gaj ÷ 4,840 = 0.001033 acres
Gaj = Acre × 4,840
1 gaj = 0.000331 bigha on the UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca definition. The bigha has no single national value. It is also 0.000992 (UP kachha (6⅔ biswa)) · 0.001322 (UP kachha (5 biswa) / Uttarakhand hills) · 0.000517 (Rajasthan kachha / Gujarat vigha / Uttarakhand Terai) and 5 more per gaj. Every definition this series has located is set out with the evidence behind it.
The gaj is fixed and the bigha is not, but the two are historically linked: the Uttar Pradesh pucca bigha is 3,025 square gaj, 55 gaz by 55 gaz, which is where its 27,225 square feet comes from.
Bigha = Gaj ÷ 3,025 (UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca)
| Gaj | Bigha (UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.000331 |
| 2 | 0.000661 |
| 3 | 0.000992 |
| 5 | 0.001653 |
| 10 | 0.003306 |
| 20 | 0.006612 |
| 50 | 0.016529 |
| 100 | 0.033058 |
| 200 | 0.066116 |
| 500 | 0.165289 |
| 1,000 | 0.330579 |
| Bigha definition | Where it applies | 1 bigha in sq ft | Bigha per gaj | Terminates? | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca (the definition used here) | Purvanchal, Awadh, Patna belt, east Rajasthan | 27,225 | 0.000331 | Recurring | sourced |
| UP kachha (6⅔ biswa) | West Uttar Pradesh | 9,075 | 0.000992 | Recurring | sourced |
| UP kachha (5 biswa) / Uttarakhand hills | West UP, Kumaon and Garhwal hills | 6,806.25 | 0.001322 | Recurring | sourced |
| Rajasthan kachha / Gujarat vigha / Uttarakhand Terai | Marwar, Gujarat, Terai | 17,424 | 0.000517 | Recurring | sourced |
| Madhya Pradesh | Madhya Pradesh | 12,000 | 0.00075 | Exact | reported, not sourced |
| West Bengal / Assam / Jharkhand | West Bengal, Assam, Ranchi | 14,400 | 0.000625 | Exact | sourced |
| Himachal Pradesh / Haryana Rohtak belt | Himachal Pradesh, Rohtak, Hisar | 8,712 | 0.001033 | Recurring | sourced |
| Punjab / west Haryana | Punjab, kanal belt of Haryana | 21,780 | 0.000413 | Recurring | sourced |
| Haryana Ambala belt | Ambala, Gurugram, Faridabad, Karnal, Panipat | 8,100 | 0.001111 | Recurring | sourced |
Not every definition above rests on an instrument. 1 of the 9 are marked reported or no instrument located: in circulation and internally consistent, but this series could not find a rule, manual or judgment stating them. What was searched for each is recorded with that unit. Terminates? answers only whether the ratio has a finite decimal, not whether the figure behind it is verified.
To convert against one of the other definitions, multiply by its factor.
5 gaj ÷ 3,025 = 0.001653 bigha
Gaj = Bigha × 3,025 (UP pucca / Bihar / Rajasthan pucca)
Gaj = Bigha × 3,025/3 (UP kachha (6⅔ biswa))
Gaj = Bigha × 756.25 (UP kachha (5 biswa) / Uttarakhand hills)
Gaj = Bigha × 1,936 (Rajasthan kachha / Gujarat vigha / Uttarakhand Terai)
Gaj = Bigha ÷ 0.00075 (Madhya Pradesh)
Gaj = Bigha × 1,600 (West Bengal / Assam / Jharkhand)
Gaj = Bigha × 968 (Himachal Pradesh / Haryana Rohtak belt)
Gaj = Bigha × 2,420 (Punjab / west Haryana)
Gaj = Bigha × 900 (Haryana Ambala belt)
1 gaj = 0.006612 biswa on the UP / Rajasthan pucca definition. The biswa has no single national value. It is also 0.010331 (Rajasthan kachha) · 0.019835 (Punjab / Haryana old records) · 0.020661 (Himachal Pradesh) per gaj. Every definition this series has located is set out with the evidence behind it.
The ratio is the fraction 4/605, 0.00661157…, which recurs.
Biswa = Gaj ÷ 151.25 (UP / Rajasthan pucca)
| Gaj | Biswa (UP / Rajasthan pucca) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.006612 |
| 2 | 0.013223 |
| 3 | 0.019835 |
| 5 | 0.033058 |
| 10 | 0.066116 |
| 20 | 0.132231 |
| 50 | 0.330579 |
| 100 | 0.661157 |
| 200 | 1.322314 |
| 500 | 3.305785 |
| 1,000 | 6.61157 |
| Biswa definition | Where it applies | 1 biswa in sq ft | Biswa per gaj | Terminates? | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UP / Rajasthan pucca (the definition used here) | Uttar Pradesh, east Rajasthan | 1,361.25 | 0.006612 | Recurring | sourced |
| Rajasthan kachha | Marwar | 871.2 | 0.010331 | Recurring | no instrument located |
| Punjab / Haryana old records | Punjab, Haryana | 453.75 | 0.019835 | Recurring | sourced |
| Himachal Pradesh | Himachal Pradesh | 435.6 | 0.020661 | Recurring | no instrument located |
Not every definition above rests on an instrument. 2 of the 4 are marked reported or no instrument located: in circulation and internally consistent, but this series could not find a rule, manual or judgment stating them. What was searched for each is recorded with that unit. Terminates? answers only whether the ratio has a finite decimal, not whether the figure behind it is verified.
To convert against one of the other definitions, multiply by its factor.
5 gaj ÷ 151.25 = 0.033058 biswa
Gaj = Biswa × 151.25 (UP / Rajasthan pucca)
Gaj = Biswa × 96.8 (Rajasthan kachha)
Gaj = Biswa × 605/12 (Punjab / Haryana old records)
Gaj = Biswa × 48.4 (Himachal Pradesh)
1 gaj = 0.019835 biswa kacha on the Punjab / Haryana revenue definition. The biswa kacha has no single national value. It is also 0.010331 (Rajasthan kachha reading) per gaj. Every definition this series has located is set out with the evidence behind it.
The ratio is the fraction 12/605, 0.01983471…, which recurs.
Biswa Kacha = Gaj × 12/605 (Punjab / Haryana revenue definition)
| Gaj | Biswa Kacha (Punjab / Haryana revenue) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.019835 |
| 2 | 0.039669 |
| 3 | 0.059504 |
| 5 | 0.099174 |
| 10 | 0.198347 |
| 20 | 0.396694 |
| 50 | 0.991736 |
| 100 | 1.983471 |
| 200 | 3.966942 |
| 500 | 9.917355 |
| 1,000 | 19.834711 |
| Biswa Kacha definition | Where it applies | 1 biswa kacha in sq ft | Biswa Kacha per gaj | Terminates? | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Punjab / Haryana revenue definition (the definition used here) | Punjab, Haryana | 453.75 | 0.019835 | Recurring | sourced |
| Rajasthan kachha reading | Marwar | 871.2 | 0.010331 | Recurring | no instrument located |
Not every definition above rests on an instrument. 1 of the 2 are marked reported or no instrument located: in circulation and internally consistent, but this series could not find a rule, manual or judgment stating them. What was searched for each is recorded with that unit. Terminates? answers only whether the ratio has a finite decimal, not whether the figure behind it is verified.
To convert against one of the other definitions, multiply by its factor.
5 gaj × 12/605 = 0.099174 biswa kacha
Gaj = Biswa Kacha × 605/12 (Punjab / Haryana revenue definition)
Gaj = Biswa Kacha × 96.8 (Rajasthan kachha reading)
1 gaj = 0.132231 dhur on the Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain) definition. The dhur has no single national value. It is also 2.5 (Tripura) per gaj. Every definition this series has located is set out with the evidence behind it.
The ratio is the fraction 16/121, 0.1322314…, which recurs.
Dhur = Gaj ÷ 7.5625 (Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain))
| Gaj | Dhur (Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain)) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.132231 |
| 2 | 0.264463 |
| 3 | 0.396694 |
| 5 | 0.661157 |
| 10 | 1.322314 |
| 20 | 2.644628 |
| 50 | 6.61157 |
| 100 | 13.22314 |
| 200 | 26.446281 |
| 500 | 66.115702 |
| 1,000 | 132.231405 |
| Dhur definition | Where it applies | 1 dhur in sq ft | Dhur per gaj | Terminates? | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain) (the definition used here) | Patna belt, and Jharkhand districts counting in the Patna katha | 68.0625 | 0.132231 | Recurring | reported, not sourced |
| Tripura | Tripura | 3.6 | 2.5 | Exact | sourced |
Not every definition above rests on an instrument. 1 of the 2 are marked reported or no instrument located: in circulation and internally consistent, but this series could not find a rule, manual or judgment stating them. What was searched for each is recorded with that unit. Terminates? answers only whether the ratio has a finite decimal, not whether the figure behind it is verified.
To convert against one of the other definitions, multiply by its factor.
5 gaj ÷ 7.5625 = 0.661157 dhur
Gaj = Dhur × 7.5625 (Bihar / Jharkhand (Patna chain))
Gaj = Dhur × 0.4 (Tripura)
1 gaj = 0.000083612736 hectares, exact. A hectare is 10,000 m² exactly.
The ratio is the fraction 1,306,449/15,625,000,000, or 0.000083612736 exactly.
Hectare = Gaj × 0.000083612736
| Gaj | Hectare |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.000083612736 |
| 2 | 0.000167225472 |
| 3 | 0.000250838208 |
| 5 | 0.00041806368 |
| 10 | 0.00083612736 |
| 20 | 0.00167225472 |
| 50 | 0.0041806368 |
| 100 | 0.0083612736 |
| 200 | 0.0167225472 |
| 500 | 0.041806368 |
| 1,000 | 0.083612736 |
5 gaj × 0.000083612736 = 0.00041806368 hectares
Gaj = Hectare ÷ 0.000083612736
1 gaj = 0.006612 katha on the Bihar state standard definition. The katha has no single national value. It is also 0.0125 (West Bengal / Jharkhand) · 0.003125 (Assam) · 0.005165 (Bihar (Chhapra)) and 2 more per gaj. Every definition this series has located is set out with the evidence behind it.
The ratio is the fraction 4/605, 0.00661157…, which recurs.
Katha = Gaj ÷ 151.25 (Bihar state standard)
1,361.25 square feet either way, so the Gaj to Biswa figures apply unchanged. What differs between the two is the record each word belongs to, not the size.
| Katha definition | Where it applies | 1 katha in sq ft | Katha per gaj | Terminates? | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bihar state standard (the definition used here) | Patna, Arrah | 1,361.25 | 0.006612 | Recurring | sourced |
| West Bengal / Jharkhand | Rural West Bengal, Ranchi | 720 | 0.0125 | Exact | sourced |
| Assam | Assam (except Barak Valley) | 2,880 | 0.003125 | Exact | sourced |
| Bihar (Chhapra) | Saran | 1,742.4 | 0.005165 | Recurring | sourced |
| Bihar (Hajipur) | Vaishali | 1,901.25 | 0.004734 | Recurring | sourced |
| Bihar (Bettiah) | West Champaran | 3,267 | 0.002755 | Recurring | sourced |
To convert against one of the other definitions, multiply by its factor.
5 gaj ÷ 151.25 = 0.033058 katha
Gaj = Katha × 151.25 (Bihar state standard)
Gaj = Katha × 80 (West Bengal / Jharkhand)
Gaj = Katha × 320 (Assam)
Gaj = Katha × 193.6 (Bihar (Chhapra))
Gaj = Katha × 211.25 (Bihar (Hajipur))
Gaj = Katha × 363 (Bihar (Bettiah))
1 gaj = 9 square feet, exact. A square foot is the base of this series.
Nine square feet to the gaj. In market usage across north India gaj means the square yard; a 200-gaj plot is 1,800 square feet.
Where the square foot fits into the gaj's own record is set out in Gaj to Square Feet and Square Metres above; what follows is the arithmetic.
Square Feet = Gaj × 9
| Gaj | Square Feet |
|---|---|
| 1 | 9 |
| 2 | 18 |
| 3 | 27 |
| 5 | 45 |
| 10 | 90 |
| 20 | 180 |
| 50 | 450 |
| 100 | 900 |
| 200 | 1,800 |
| 500 | 4,500 |
| 1,000 | 9,000 |
5 gaj × 9 = 45 square feet
Gaj = Square Feet ÷ 9
1 gaj = 0.83612736 square metres, exact. A square metre is the SI unit of area.
The ratio is the fraction 1,306,449/1,562,500, or 0.83612736 exactly.
Square Meter = Gaj × 0.83612736
| Gaj | Square Meter |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.83612736 |
| 2 | 1.67225472 |
| 3 | 2.50838208 |
| 5 | 4.1806368 |
| 10 | 8.3612736 |
| 20 | 16.7225472 |
| 50 | 41.806368 |
| 100 | 83.612736 |
| 200 | 167.225472 |
| 500 | 418.06368 |
| 1,000 | 836.12736 |
5 gaj × 0.83612736 = 4.1806368 square metres
Gaj = Square Meter ÷ 0.83612736
Exactness of the method is not exactness of the result: where a ratio does not terminate, the table says so and the formula gives the fraction.
1 gaj = 0.033058 marla on the Standard (66-inch karam) definition; 0.04 on the Majha belt (60-inch karam) definition · 0.043554 on the Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam) definition · 0.049383 on the Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam) definition · 0.04 on the HSVP urban estate definition. Marla = Gaj ÷ 30.25 (Standard (66-inch karam)) · reverse Gaj = Marla × 30.25
| Gaj | Marla (Standard (66-inch karam)) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.033058 |
| 2 | 0.066116 |
| 3 | 0.099174 |
| 5 | 0.165289 |
| 10 | 0.330579 |
| 20 | 0.661157 |
| 50 | 1.652893 |
| 100 | 3.305785 |
| 200 | 6.61157 |
| 500 | 16.528926 |
| 1,000 | 33.057851 |
Every definition as a factor. Multiply gaj by the figure shown.
| Marla definition | Where | Marla per gaj |
|---|---|---|
| Standard (66-inch karam) (the definition used here) | Most of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal, J&K | 0.033058 |
| Majha belt (60-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Tarn Taran | 0.04 |
| Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Jalandhar, Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur, and Kangra in Himachal | 0.043554 |
| Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Parts of Kapurthala | 0.049383 |
| HSVP urban estate | Haryana urban estates | 0.04 |
1 gaj = 0.00000826 murabba on the Punjab canal colony definition; 0.0000132 on the Rajasthan (Indira Gandhi Canal) definition. Murabba = Gaj ÷ 121,000 (Punjab canal colony) · reverse Gaj = Murabba × 121,000
| Gaj | Murabba (Punjab canal colony) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.00000826 |
| 2 | 0.0000165 |
| 3 | 0.0000248 |
| 5 | 0.0000413 |
| 10 | 0.0000826 |
| 20 | 0.000165 |
| 50 | 0.000413 |
| 100 | 0.000826 |
| 200 | 0.001653 |
| 500 | 0.004132 |
| 1,000 | 0.008264 |
Murabba, Rajasthan (Indira Gandhi Canal) (680,625 sq ft):
| Gaj | Murabba (Rajasthan (Indira Gandhi Canal)) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.0000132 |
| 2 | 0.0000264 |
| 3 | 0.0000397 |
| 5 | 0.0000661 |
| 10 | 0.000132 |
| 20 | 0.000264 |
| 50 | 0.000661 |
| 100 | 0.001322 |
| 200 | 0.002645 |
| 500 | 0.006612 |
| 1,000 | 0.013223 |
1 gaj = 0.125 ankanam on the Standard definition; 0.25 on the Tirupati definition. Ankanam = Gaj × 0.125 (Standard) · reverse Gaj = Ankanam × 8
| Gaj | Ankanam (Standard) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.125 |
| 2 | 0.25 |
| 3 | 0.375 |
| 5 | 0.625 |
| 10 | 1.25 |
| 20 | 2.5 |
| 50 | 6.25 |
| 100 | 12.5 |
| 200 | 25 |
| 500 | 62.5 |
| 1,000 | 125 |
Every definition as a factor. Multiply gaj by the figure shown.
| Ankanam definition | Where | Ankanam per gaj |
|---|---|---|
| Standard (the definition used here) | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, parts of Karnataka | 0.125 |
| Tirupati | Tirupati and parts of Chittoor | 0.25 |
1 gaj = 0.001653 kanal on the Standard (66-inch karam) definition; 0.002 on the Majha belt (60-inch karam) definition · 0.002178 on the Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam) definition · 0.002469 on the Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam) definition. Kanal = Gaj ÷ 605 (Standard (66-inch karam)) · reverse Gaj = Kanal × 605
| Gaj | Kanal (Standard (66-inch karam)) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.001653 |
| 2 | 0.003306 |
| 3 | 0.004959 |
| 5 | 0.008264 |
| 10 | 0.016529 |
| 20 | 0.033058 |
| 50 | 0.082645 |
| 100 | 0.165289 |
| 200 | 0.330579 |
| 500 | 0.826446 |
| 1,000 | 1.652893 |
Every definition as a factor. Multiply gaj by the figure shown.
| Kanal definition | Where | Kanal per gaj |
|---|---|---|
| Standard (66-inch karam) (the definition used here) | Most of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal, J&K | 0.001653 |
| Majha belt (60-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Tarn Taran | 0.002 |
| Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Jalandhar, Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur, and Kangra in Himachal | 0.002178 |
| Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Parts of Kapurthala | 0.002469 |
1 gaj = 0.297521 square karam on the Standard (66-inch karam) definition; 0.36 on the Majha belt (60-inch karam) definition · 0.391985 on the Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam) definition · 0.444444 on the Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam) definition. Square Karam = Gaj × 36/121 (Standard (66-inch karam)) · reverse Gaj = Square Karam × 121/36
| Gaj | Square Karam (Standard (66-inch karam)) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.297521 |
| 2 | 0.595041 |
| 3 | 0.892562 |
| 5 | 1.487603 |
| 10 | 2.975207 |
| 20 | 5.950413 |
| 50 | 14.876033 |
| 100 | 29.752066 |
| 200 | 59.504132 |
| 500 | 148.760331 |
| 1,000 | 297.520661 |
Every definition as a factor. Multiply gaj by the figure shown.
| Square Karam definition | Where | Square Karam per gaj |
|---|---|---|
| Standard (66-inch karam) (the definition used here) | Most of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal, J&K | 0.297521 |
| Majha belt (60-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Tarn Taran | 0.36 |
| Doaba belt (57.5-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Jalandhar, Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur, and Kangra in Himachal | 0.391985 |
| Kapurthala belt (54-inch karam); reported, not sourced | Parts of Kapurthala | 0.444444 |
1 gaj = 0.0083612736 ares (exact). Ares = Gaj × 0.0083612736 · reverse Gaj = Ares ÷ 0.0083612736
| Gaj | Ares |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.0083612736 |
| 2 | 0.0167225472 |
| 3 | 0.0250838208 |
| 5 | 0.041806368 |
| 10 | 0.083612736 |
| 20 | 0.167225472 |
| 50 | 0.41806368 |
| 100 | 0.83612736 |
| 200 | 1.67225472 |
| 500 | 4.1806368 |
| 1,000 | 8.3612736 |
1 gaj = 0.020661 cent (recurring). Cent = Gaj ÷ 48.4 · reverse Gaj = Cent × 48.4
| Gaj | Cent |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.020661 |
| 2 | 0.041322 |
| 3 | 0.061983 |
| 5 | 0.103306 |
| 10 | 0.206612 |
| 20 | 0.413223 |
| 50 | 1.033058 |
| 100 | 2.066116 |
| 200 | 4.132231 |
| 500 | 10.330579 |
| 1,000 | 20.661157 |
1 gaj = 0.2 chatak (exact). Chatak = Gaj × 0.2 · reverse Gaj = Chatak × 5
| Gaj | Chatak |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.2 |
| 2 | 0.4 |
| 3 | 0.6 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 10 | 2 |
| 20 | 4 |
| 50 | 10 |
| 100 | 20 |
| 200 | 40 |
| 500 | 100 |
| 1,000 | 200 |
1 gaj = 0.00375 ground (exact). Ground = Gaj × 0.00375 · reverse Gaj = Ground ÷ 0.00375
| Gaj | Ground |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.00375 |
| 2 | 0.0075 |
| 3 | 0.01125 |
| 5 | 0.01875 |
| 10 | 0.0375 |
| 20 | 0.075 |
| 50 | 0.1875 |
| 100 | 0.375 |
| 200 | 0.75 |
| 500 | 1.875 |
| 1,000 | 3.75 |
1 gaj = 0.008264 guntha (recurring). Guntha = Gaj ÷ 121 · reverse Gaj = Guntha × 121
| Gaj | Guntha |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.008264 |
| 2 | 0.016529 |
| 3 | 0.024793 |
| 5 | 0.041322 |
| 10 | 0.082645 |
| 20 | 0.165289 |
| 50 | 0.413223 |
| 100 | 0.826446 |
| 200 | 1.652893 |
| 500 | 4.132231 |
| 1,000 | 8.264463 |
1 gaj = 0.0625 lessa (exact). Lessa = Gaj × 0.0625 · reverse Gaj = Lessa × 16
| Gaj | Lessa |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.0625 |
| 2 | 0.125 |
| 3 | 0.1875 |
| 5 | 0.3125 |
| 10 | 0.625 |
| 20 | 1.25 |
| 50 | 3.125 |
| 100 | 6.25 |
| 200 | 12.5 |
| 500 | 31.25 |
| 1,000 | 62.5 |
1 gaj = 0.004167 nali (recurring). Nali = Gaj ÷ 240 · reverse Gaj = Nali × 240
| Gaj | Nali |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.004167 |
| 2 | 0.008333 |
| 3 | 0.0125 |
| 5 | 0.020833 |
| 10 | 0.041667 |
| 20 | 0.083333 |
| 50 | 0.208333 |
| 100 | 0.416667 |
| 200 | 0.833333 |
| 500 | 2.083333 |
| 1,000 | 4.166667 |
1 gaj = 0.00015625 pura (exact). Pura = Gaj × 0.00015625 · reverse Gaj = Pura × 6,400
| Gaj | Pura |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.00015625 |
| 2 | 0.0003125 |
| 3 | 0.00046875 |
| 5 | 0.00078125 |
| 10 | 0.0015625 |
| 20 | 0.003125 |
| 50 | 0.0078125 |
| 100 | 0.015625 |
| 200 | 0.03125 |
| 500 | 0.078125 |
| 1,000 | 0.15625 |
1 gaj = 8,361.2736 square centimeter (exact). Square Centimeter = Gaj × 8,361.2736 · reverse Gaj = Square Centimeter ÷ 8,361.2736
| Gaj | Square Centimeter |
|---|---|
| 1 | 8,361.2736 |
| 2 | 16,722.5472 |
| 3 | 25,083.8208 |
| 5 | 41,806.368 |
| 10 | 83,612.736 |
| 20 | 167,225.472 |
| 50 | 418,063.68 |
| 100 | 836,127.36 |
| 200 | 1,672,254.72 |
| 500 | 4,180,636.8 |
| 1,000 | 8,361,273.6 |
1 gaj = 1,296 square inch (exact). Square Inch = Gaj × 1,296 · reverse Gaj = Square Inch ÷ 1,296
| Gaj | Square Inch |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1,296 |
| 2 | 2,592 |
| 3 | 3,888 |
| 5 | 6,480 |
| 10 | 12,960 |
| 20 | 25,920 |
| 50 | 64,800 |
| 100 | 129,600 |
| 200 | 259,200 |
| 500 | 648,000 |
| 1,000 | 1,296,000 |
1 gaj = 0.00000083612736 square kilometer (exact). Square Kilometer = Gaj × 0.00000083612736 · reverse Gaj = Square Kilometer ÷ 0.00000083612736
| Gaj | Square Kilometer |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.00000083612736 |
| 2 | 0.00000167225472 |
| 3 | 0.00000250838208 |
| 5 | 0.0000041806368 |
| 10 | 0.0000083612736 |
| 20 | 0.0000167225472 |
| 50 | 0.000041806368 |
| 100 | 0.000083612736 |
| 200 | 0.000167225472 |
| 500 | 0.00041806368 |
| 1,000 | 0.00083612736 |
1 gaj = 0.000000323 square mile (recurring). Square Mile = Gaj ÷ 3,097,600 · reverse Gaj = Square Mile × 3,097,600
| Gaj | Square Mile |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0.000000323 |
| 2 | 0.000000646 |
| 3 | 0.000000968 |
| 5 | 0.00000161 |
| 10 | 0.00000323 |
| 20 | 0.00000646 |
| 50 | 0.0000161 |
| 100 | 0.0000323 |
| 200 | 0.0000646 |
| 500 | 0.000161 |
| 1,000 | 0.000323 |
Six of the thirty-two units are two names for one area with another, so their figures are identical to the last digit.
1 gaj = 1 gajam. They are one area of 9 square feet under two words, so there is no arithmetic to do: any quantity of one is the same quantity of the other. Gajam = Gaj · Gaj = Gajam
What separates them is which record, and which part of the country, uses the word.
1 gaj = 1 square yard. They are one area of 9 square feet under two words, so there is no arithmetic to do: any quantity of one is the same quantity of the other. Square Yard = Gaj · Gaj = Square Yard
What separates them is which record, and which part of the country, uses the word.
1 gaj = 0.020661 decimal. A decimal and a cent are the same area, 435.6 square feet, so any Gaj figure converts to the same number of either. Decimal = Gaj ÷ 48.4 · reverse Gaj = Decimal × 48.4
1 gaj = 0.020661 dismil. A dismil and a cent are the same area, 435.6 square feet, so any Gaj figure converts to the same number of either. Dismil = Gaj ÷ 48.4 · reverse Gaj = Dismil × 48.4
1 gaj = 0.000207 killa. A killa and an acre are the same area, 43,560 square feet, so any Gaj figure converts to the same number of either. Killa = Gaj ÷ 4,840 · reverse Gaj = Killa × 4,840
1 gaj = 0.033058 perches. A perch and a marla are the same area, 272.25 square feet, so any Gaj figure converts to the same number of either. Perch = Gaj ÷ 30.25 · reverse Gaj = Perch × 30.25
The tables above are arithmetic, and for a gaj the arithmetic is the easy half. What decides whether the figure you started with is the right one to convert at all is A Gaj Is a Length. A Varg Gaj Is an Area..
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